musical practice has long been established and widely used a system of letters, both individual sounds and tonalities. The basis is the letters of the Latin alphabet, as well as some words from the same language.
For the name of tonality, as you know, two elements are used: the name of the tonic and the name of the fret. Sometimes they even say that "TONALITY = TONIC + LAD". This scheme also applies to the letter designation of tonalities. First, the tonic is called, then the word is added, which should define the mode.
What letter denote tonic?
About how to call a tonic, you can read here. In short, I remind you that practically any sound can become a tonic - the main stage or its derivative version (sharp, flat). For the alphabetic recording of musical sounds, we need the first eight characters of the Latin alphabet (a b c d e f g h) and suffixes -is (sharp) and -es (flat). Sketch yourself such a spur plate:
Note the exceptions to the rule (marked with an asterisk *):
1) B-flat note loves to show off, so she put a separate letter, and not some, but a letter b - second alphabetic;
2) A la and E-flat are so jealous that they do not tolerate the second vowel next to them - they are simply written as and es.
RULE FIRST AND LAST. If the key is major, then the name of the tonics is written with a capital (capital) letter, if the minor key - with a lowercase (small).
How to mark the harmony?
Major fret is denoted by the word dur (fool), and the minor key - in a word moll (mole). These abbreviated Latin words durus (hard) and mollis (soft), which adapted to the needs of musical theory.
Examples: C-dur, c-moll - in C major and C minor Es-dur, es-moll - E flat major and E flat minor; Fis-dur, fis-moll - in F sharp major and F sharp minor.
ENTO NOT ALL!
I will tell you a fairy tale .... One day, the laziest musicians came to visit aunt Luba to treat themselves to her signature aunt Lubin's fur coat over the herring. As a spite of lazy musicians, they all broke up at once, and barely seated themselves at the table, they drooped their heads and fell asleep. When they woke up, they were bitterly disappointed: some kind of EVERY MOTHER was eating the whole fur coat over the herring. Since then, the musicians have decided that it is easier to live without fools and moles ... Oh, the foolish tale turned out, sorry)))
In general, with the lettering of the keys can be the words dur and moll do not write, just to be done RULE FIRST AND LAST (see above).
We are with a fairy tale distracted a little bit from the topic, I remind you: we dismantled the letter designation of tonalities. The essence, I hope, caught. By the way, about the letter designation of sounds you can not only read more here, but also watch a cool video lesson. Here he is:
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